CAPM Practice: Demonstrate an understanding of the various project life cycles and processes

Predictive (plan-driven) life cycles define detailed scope, schedule, and cost upfront with minimal expected change. Adaptive (change-driven) life cycles develop requirements and solutions iteratively, embracing change and delivering value incrementally.

**Why not B:** Both predictive and adaptive approaches require stakeholder engagement. Stakeholder involvement is a fundamental principle of project management regardless of the life cycle approach. Adaptive approaches actually tend to involve stakeholders more frequently through regular feedback loops.

**Why not C:** Neither approach is limited to a specific industry. Predictive approaches are used across many industries including IT, and adaptive approaches are used well beyond construction. The choice of life cycle depends on project characteristics, not industry type.

**Why not D:** This choice reverses the actual characteristics. Adaptive approaches deliver value incrementally through iterations, while predictive approaches typically deliver the final product at the end of the project. The description has the two approaches backwards.