CAPM Practice: Demonstrate an understanding of the various project life cycles and processes

The regulatory approval requirement is a constraint because it is a limiting factor that restricts the project's options (testing cannot begin without it). The potential for delays is a risk because it is an uncertain event that, if it occurs, could have a negative impact on the project schedule.

**Why not A:** The potential for regulatory delays is not an assumption — it is a risk based on evidence from similar projects. An assumption would be an accepted belief taken as true without proof, such as assuming the approval will take exactly 3 weeks. The delay potential is an uncertain event with known probability.

**Why not B:** The regulatory approval requirement is not a risk — it is a definite constraint that the team must work within. Additionally, the potential for delays is a risk (uncertain future event), not an issue (a problem that has already occurred).

**Why not D:** The regulatory approval requirement is not an assumption — it is a documented constraint that restricts project options. An assumption would be something believed to be true without proof, while the approval requirement is a confirmed mandatory prerequisite.